Osteoporosis is condition that features loss of the normal density of bone. Osteoporosis leads to literally abnormally porous bone that is more compressible like a sponge than dense like a brick. This disorder of the skeleton weakens the bone leading to an increase in the risk of breaking bones (bone fracture).
Normal bone is composed of protein collagen and calcium. Osteoporosis depletes both the calcium and the protein from the bone, resulting in either abnormal bone quality or decreased bone density. Bones that are affected by osteoporosis can fracture with only a minor fall or injury that normally would not cause a bone fracture. The fracture can be either in the form of cracking (as in a hip fracture) or collapsing (as in a compression fracture of the vertebrae of the spine). The spine, hips, and wrists are common areas of osteoporosis-related bone fractures, although fractures can also occur in other skeletal areas such as the ribs.
What is the best treatment for Osteoporosis?
Currently, the most significant medications for osteoporosis and the only ones approved by the FDA for use in the United States are the anti-resorptive agents, which prevent bone breakdown. The bone is a living dynamic structure; it is constantly being removed (resorbed) and rebuilt. This process is an essential part of maintaining the normal calcium level in the blood. When the rate of resorption exceeds that of rebuilding over time, osteoporosis results. Anti-resorptive medications inhibit bone removal (resorption), thus tipping the balance in favor of bone rebuilding and increasing bone density. Estrogen replacement therapy is one example of an anti-resorptive agent. Others include Alendronate (Fosamax) and Risedronate (Actonel).
